%PDF-1.7 1 0 obj << /Type /Catalog /Outlines 2 0 R /Pages 3 0 R >> endobj 2 0 obj << /Type /Outlines /Count 0 >> endobj 3 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Kids [6 0 R 15 0 R 27 0 R ] /Count 3 /Resources << /ProcSet 4 0 R /Font << /F1 8 0 R /F2 13 0 R >> /XObject << /I1 14 0 R /I2 29 0 R /I3 30 0 R >> >> /MediaBox [0.000 0.000 595.280 841.890] >> endobj 4 0 obj [/PDF /Text /ImageC ] endobj 5 0 obj << /Producer (dompdf 2.0.3 + CPDF) /CreationDate (D:20260717223704+00'00') /ModDate (D:20260717223704+00'00') >> endobj 6 0 obj << /Type /Page /MediaBox [0.000 0.000 595.280 841.890] /Parent 3 0 R /Contents 7 0 R >> endobj 7 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 1010 >> stream xVێ6峿OAl],IAh[d۹ђ /3̜j,I2E_E4N%.[!w=Lz췳_Wp&C|AV~{810h/N^Y r-F4Kթéla<{?zٽhɪ f x^ӫÊ2yjtԑ̳k5 N68!a;&R{fp4RK}ԉl#BБ/t]0v5Dy- J@fC|Jفa ²/i< tus2MMACSjkCԣQC@)HAqE'#0;@K-N1@%y@732hM֒BTpCZsS Rsǵ,FQ17詹8-aE=dߘY"lW4I@$%D8]$ fp9WB@`#2kۗRmZXMtbGtUG S!qnn$D8Np_P#ؚIb__k-Y\|n#u ?Xn-ŵ3l{y/{ZV6,äJZsrE4KnvbĶՉb `,I5=HE3U}+KJ6?%vI]_}o~< ~:F i~^ciHH#hog[\$ e~8WY.FƶT^'lws(ij> endobj 9 0 obj <> stream /CIDInit /ProcSet findresource begin 12 dict begin begincmap /CIDSystemInfo <> def /CMapName /Adobe-Identity-UCS def /CMapType 2 def 1 begincodespacerange <0000> endcodespacerange 1 beginbfrange <0000> <0000> endbfrange endcmap CMapName currentdict /CMap defineresource pop end end endstream endobj 10 0 obj <> endobj 11 0 obj <> endobj 12 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 295>> stream x[3WTB" :!OjϾh\=}]t9?1o endstream endobj 13 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /Type1 /Name /F2 /BaseFont /Helvetica-Bold /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding >> endobj 14 0 obj << /Type /XObject /Subtype /Image /Width 300 /Height 200 /ColorSpace /DeviceRGB /Filter /DCTDecode /BitsPerComponent 8 /Length 14877>> stream JFIF``;CREATOR: gd-jpeg v1.0 (using IJG JPEG v62), quality = 82 C    !'"#%%%),($+!$%$C   $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$," }!1AQa"q2#BR$3br %&'()*456789:CDEFGHIJSTUVWXYZcdefghijstuvwxyz w!1AQaq"2B #3Rbr $4%&'()*56789:CDEFGHIJSTUVWXYZcdefghijstuvwxyz ?ʹtFTRM.. 18J۔IH=j;gTGa]! z׆uo2񶼛TS~;)T0 hxbBu! q wI,SJ\=5G*2cH k"@dT@lgphԑdTwfڣnHJúEZj\R' )#UK9=My&b]*F8Q׮j$c^i.x%%34ñ|*U$mg? l2;x T$嬀 ?z?FXBv[{C-]/hr2 SʽLmZ a hX|<֮-d}m 9KJbosFO( >lfB9\ qzܵ`]>|\cUd?he~$TeqљhQ涨,Q穨'5i9>R`^ ,5S;P!#bbHI6~0B3M3ob);ҁh1$qRK&ؽ}QDs(:)I0:SZX#T&%f3D \&2p*ú&X*՘T5NwqP"g'93qƪǘ b9aJ"4čJFvH1b9eAZL>Z$ Oji,[E;hBAޛ'i[i/yrpL}p~Y,,]swaڄ¬iֺ-lr3Ph:EK-t$,T:t`ëjMOYKxN v.#VVo}VXn!Jcρ?ܧ޼:a8mzK[dNCs@DRd9CXMqy Mz pr=Uu/$w*Yȣ]\FA XvŽQJːA]G8wŒt>[X'nZ\;qnw`9vn\i52Vvcְ?@+M>KWMK!嶷a # ^KunlCL;/-MqQaP36mź1råO,(& `[REKoF֡MrӧD﷜ E/ÝOr E2/G |/抋$:p|s+Ϋ"}J"#ϥu1|J#.J^kd<I*6_#9pq$״.rXH%,Y%( ]!V+>r)~j°Ul[PNVo&wp~YLki~__< gXsIql[\D*ڢ>id~p>TR }jDA2Gظi4e$} ˵WRˀ>wr@GLT]4qT_A 0]jEn뷸/44CiS)zj+#*]B{-t8觚K H1e!w}X-K{Gs"MzW-t}Y稯i--JIN5x<- GqL\S8nއGg1 ʸa֡ѵHu[o pʡ*mnu9Ґ̤KKEXBGLVOffd=lQ d2j@,DžEO&V{z.fI>w5xPծçY6%ؑ/Z#CQ -# uzr}x.xfg;wiN69%lE?Ac{'3+V;jS-^` :zKTs_cmƩFFh3d]gV9SUV8>7T8'oK= .sr,y"5btpTcދm!"uq̏׏*rA;1Lϖ d,B%vmF٨*0)Ur@Le*msFHrHnNI5m :ngPVcAz`[[1|5eLӺAcۋUޛ x'^u!mt /x S%7Z- _0_~: wD4s:'Py;r>; ֺc/ZtX(¢`yV>8*IҲm"#± [z+؀0~+2Ϭu-t$r:VQ'!yb?®j +IFնr; *;'#2{泭b躹bb8_VI`yh McG5kEec^-AU_7ȼD;Q`GᆔdO j?)[ 5ºU/jQE%1l|̿LN;4.4T8>s>>\-q =kяE/r޵ߴ;E"#;TQx B|p*x,DOZHxQU+w3| 8,q2ցG"\H^2Ϊdk!hW72Z~ngR\vKnXHRzT4MN EGB6uEU?/ҡu;LX׽Oz&G#*y *m^3CL2Xip0X}L.4Kˏ<6SkvDZ3JeyݣK9ɤֱAyp@,OZ~2@nLW_^}4z/7r'iMa0d eH6|+O!;Hk +װj9? |Kk%''5RMrk~ x6^!7Z@C2=y-/~ӿ 4caCp ~{+XYtVGhb[2efo5f>jKs!7 ?* _ogU` Jud؀Bke a(? cբ (UZ5QeŠ R?QQwԙLiRiyAC3JEx:*z׸w2CgƎy/ׅZA.M5DcQs< O0/s@h1"nE 2DZR$8nBcVSHw:)kK ֵ+d%etA5Y.!Ҭ`w%!\sɪ!]dvӵ Ad-F+q>WU5n]Us*c=C{i 3@}IiZPjgO3F#MkMn6T^߮4ḙ MgCFkid鍪NkbhKXIP8%0i֞KEW*kJeuΜU_zdҥ2zźDU.zw3c+]>yŽgV WW x*%F/9-!!k`v1ǡq!!c~\!a9(k仈C:ӟ{Zز$[Gb$z$+v^ioˁ8v5XjIآr>ҦCH{2DCqN!s*rZbIm`wk{ ]a`n95e8Hs;ec1@դKu`޼gג7-Y9 L$!HI -],ԴEWBO NO 6w+ F>vLPږ_2H60=b3t+G]sc y3-vZm'\L?Ɔ.YduN=_Gt4|^W-TN\RwxT [Rv 6N;L?ր<Q=ޅb6,ρߔ"P^e@z_iQ3`-1>oxr\ǧD 0z&kor@6;-A Wr9<hqĸE&qcFu)H!c䴭S,!cO$Z.fw֭o Eko Mq}-pXUM+]MGWM<2SZ2p:е6~"[kpΜ6}3W5 ҭQwE,k~'2â:6jrCsc,6 _ @ؽգ&Ykjt_< iK\7!?ԙ##-ʱbz.'e37js72Dl"= ,ӗakY54bB1Qaq5Ӭq(K=MG%nez6}bKyȨIĒ͎p:qP6ݎ]m0uX_lV$ s~upHbhجnSN*'\+|]qWBRGombPERY_rg+_ oscs,g2!9*MxQF4 >Xvz_IXJLSqjgN+Tg($7\"ysy[yX5=~UvQ@k&k{.!<A\DӤJZzC?v6-r5Fx9>XUi혤r(he}躽gכ:ek_GEVz^oS3GVj:O T ^:z1 :S[:~/B$iR9f-k-zK-QCn\4s u/ )PUA\hfp1XCO."]B[TA8 D'Ԥd&;vI>RHJ8@NܟozZռCk s(be?xP=]AnTYcd2>z߁|T5]5l._m9<Omsy0wKxUgK~6)zתYxkw| q#ɞwľK# ^T W!=JRBG")ױ#I=ess[vqf*"DT}SwC՗]`243 {q+>97&ڮIx?δZd,J)+ zisNݥIw HS}M7]gڋ.ؚ@ORa~uh?HIDX=ujۍ'L.P6^`8 sʬdyViq:4G9'֣Kh4ϩVOHkƑGqPČn:⸄Mq U/\DdSA4̟_䂂>hYǬγѴUB?ZB5@[bY렪F*Ҁ%O?4>O_>Q~ MJNS?Y?/8#A(OEzBTަmL2\d}8Ȯr(BzUiEK,n/I^pm* 9;g4a!#3(* OsR2?4z=:(FO 4/Y,r9Gm&oXj3sv:뚧._THVՐFc9еaE X }EAeyu6W FYw E6k{t.e摎0?ZXiSM^Й0p;O\dtW.QQ=ǨM6MV<[r0ǿL Ѵ4,CINq@*Eٯ.'7;|Ɣtמ-5fR ᾠj}ޓa r >&tNNI$~X^~GIg] "QOPN26\&Y܁/Azʝ{kvG%aR kY;h.PrIu뺙ҾIݑrSdXKVHE/?T {Qsա?Y* #O+8ꦁAwo>K-$\z[tqonf)R5;ſ崶D 6lwgx\f VKt?z0U먯-ZJFAʳt: $i$yywܒkM>WD^YBl+sP;D3Jcf9oҪT6aFH!!`v?w^š]Esj*IE! ^'i] Y'y{l'Սò5$aչB= E&}=d \H$;S?:_,e;tw:w/ jDsZS?Zf,.$g豜=GW4F#"FC$_oӭ/ ILR0H#؊MWO,,&Ljn)K{HI3 THlWCtOXZL7zmװ}픙b'`ޱu0κdQHd P~4"ωFo aeb&yqҶJJ4!dO"  9Qc+Y^rw/Њhu{Ʉ!bwR3^"#|:?Z" g0JF }SMc''e'ҋ67{|S֮OI4VƝCɻʍSt0 \Ρnһ7' SDRݙfn2@'-m™c4]kN;$@:JWǖ9ovy'OךFm^@PzvƲGt!(U9 ECv6 I?+.-n&N<žmۼg% pʶӏCUu 8m8g'.,"&Jk/U?Lt{O6[KzS@XP ;UYZo }1ַ5 m!򴨭\aU#G?#qE:R6 XqcG˩"\ּ9ǶU4Mɑb ] InU]sU`3n -bw V4:1k/.&rÑjޭǪ?lE }h-(FƻAh*Yd#csYM$HCV,M>MuI]؉3 !(FIV#KY03ErAVY]G]rȯDssl{M2k]\ $xcFk#Dd[)ЊR׍m"n=:IK}%ם hB(q,@c6;I$Ͻ5j}~ҺaIT ݖm"@d>a +{m7֚v4ȣed@ mk<@EO1'1ҷ5+inZ{o/U|gE\ HE!<Ÿt9Ƕk4-v S7 .XOLV7K" B'OB3,i3W)e rq\dHڅߒ>Zc7M#$gc!LR)k$K ̑b^'V.Č'..@cJ{gM8?%' 1Dp<2@>$<\Gz1YqE27 ?!i I'^Yma1V>9ڔ^|kJÞ)tC^wPJaP^1ۂjPG5u{u7|CȬ7BO֭95 kvܑgTIwSޛ34`)#<V쭬!lcigH#TW–Pj1ݻ\cy`r=ZO,4)异72P>W?fI]`?Ÿ鶞դ1̎IfqocḎE@O 0867"{Ե17qGOJtk7N"VR2qAVm,[7[H".]ŽO )jzTK%1 Yz6oLm&$qk[LԵ827acGo yp (#PNVi"qk6/n~F`WpJ LsYZNS9C߷JbʌU~lg׵&uyol$.1#ר~.Zsڈ"yY#wf.˫Ei;rXvc85hu N8RG2t~մ|(I YҏMñmaV_^u+Bgٽb#g:Y-K.Zg K ǠJMJuh`B`Nup:~4,bUgxrkUt4mcI5 ТtWws+FY2:t E6ށ 7*TAm~TQ1PA*]1#74FyG@e[8}*\Fl⣷"Ł<#?*S.h:ʐK }ӸWEwq ؞0N=袠 j2k9Ն?[W:H;@q ~)siz˗VBwEV(@ UR[z_k HcPJCS]PiȈaP=>m[\nEua=+ Tn }(;.xVC#$KrXrPuaE'<9yhXb.pwq1Ry-l%t?Z([O<CDBEϑoq H(v:6dz'>VUm9܃E!oӵ4Ծw,т; #օժEQ;[qEt-enGP 5=c|O?P~G}mgl* XPH#9)!h$uɍ n6l+cCE4\њXG8;:O a'Q QE1ݖ_ܬIa5CXӛPM^I h /ZGh'~*Axr&8Q@;HaKh>Xסcz,..M LEI A fX!QJ͹ ;9-O endstream endobj 15 0 obj << /Type /Page /MediaBox [0.000 0.000 595.280 841.890] /Parent 3 0 R /Annots [ 17 0 R 19 0 R 21 0 R 23 0 R 25 0 R ] /Contents 16 0 R >> endobj 16 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 1287 >> stream xWKo69^[`N.Pp)Jԣm6 =DXr%ٮHoCR"$5}a'V-kvw4[Vg5+1`sÿ5U4ڳƳ%/l&_>5-k!?6D-~Gkz ξp3P9O$$@&S@Z{ jA3RΗ!*DZ;6,fڞod,{e(y6D?.x!}M{A`Zt1O8v1 cCj ̹dk#:sHͅ$Hg|ܰ;͠]>%inC)CeD]w(ӄl)5n8F:(-M'"/ B ɳ\7 TWmPXNLe+̮ґ/~7XDWyeZIMK2s؉fmF}eеֺscw}hJh9uFz#z=~(ʹƵ3 ۑ49 fLT6U"Bt]Xu9!;x'ʲڹGŊ,tكcpI:Ndk9D|‡rTt<1 4ԜVq,2ܺ? 0 a%0La3Kb-AL"BJb:7CL2 T\Qgp?uɧ\*YwA Ӷj0n_9B@Tشp41&O endstream endobj 17 0 obj << /Type /Annot /Subtype /Link /A 18 0 R /Border [0 0 0] /H /I /Rect [ 42.0000 378.1823 124.8720 393.6527 ] >> endobj 18 0 obj << /Type /Action /S /URI /URI (https://dynetesting.com/product/dyne-pens-to-iso-8296/) >> endobj 19 0 obj << /Type /Annot /Subtype /Link /A 20 0 R /Border [0 0 0] /H /I /Rect [ 42.0000 359.6178 135.1440 375.0882 ] >> endobj 20 0 obj << /Type /Action /S /URI /URI (https://dynetesting.com/product/instant-test-pen-38-dyne/) >> endobj 21 0 obj << /Type /Annot /Subtype /Link /A 22 0 R /Border [0 0 0] /H /I /Rect [ 42.0000 341.0533 120.2880 356.5237 ] >> endobj 22 0 obj << /Type /Action /S /URI /URI (https://dynetesting.com/product/dyne-test-inks-to-iso-8296/) >> endobj 23 0 obj << /Type /Annot /Subtype /Link /A 24 0 R /Border [0 0 0] /H /I /Rect [ 42.0000 322.4888 185.6520 337.9592 ] >> endobj 24 0 obj << /Type /Action /S /URI /URI (https://dynetesting.com/product/drawdown-test-equipment-dynex-drawdown-platform/) >> endobj 25 0 obj << /Type /Annot /Subtype /Link /A 26 0 R /Border [0 0 0] /H /I /Rect [ 42.0000 303.9243 157.7280 319.3947 ] >> endobj 26 0 obj << /Type /Action /S /URI /URI (https://dynetesting.com/product/theta-lite-optical-tensiometer-contact-angle-meter/) >> endobj 27 0 obj << /Type /Page /MediaBox [0.000 0.000 595.280 841.890] /Parent 3 0 R /Annots [ 32 0 R ] /Contents 28 0 R >> endobj 28 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 776 >> stream xUn@|DMb;˙YDZE]\Ιۑc\?fc1҉d \1LޱW||I~6c/2^p'&t\e|rrj3߼)m 5(hOnyvC~^`ݘ>|^s d >ӌ.hqBXMg0GsT;՗T`}8֊d K|5+3֭ON>ü-챞 ~^rSq) endstream endobj 29 0 obj << /Type /XObject /Subtype /Image /Width 179 /Height 32 /Filter /FlateDecode /DecodeParms << /Predictor 15 /Colors 1 /Columns 179 /BitsPerComponent 8>> /ColorSpace /DeviceGray /BitsPerComponent 8 /Length 348>> stream X0D^(h5ƃ>Jv^cDL"Xя!T MpEfP"O L BՈnڷ@@~^XyC{ʴyf@o1a4[Tsv@ژdYjpDf8 "@% sRϱ/aGf `p84q>f)qFsoy qq39!l2+zfZ4AfЅCawOK2\-`߃4k&ę+.s9XgsvfSLR%=x,:|XԒ+%fkG-\4|_|Lc1??88q endstream endobj 30 0 obj << /Type /XObject /Subtype /Image /Width 179 /Height 32 /SMask 29 0 R /Filter /FlateDecode /DecodeParms << /Predictor 15 /Colors 1 /Columns 179 /BitsPerComponent 8>> /ColorSpace [ /Indexed /DeviceRGB 64 31 0 R ] /BitsPerComponent 8 /Length 1049>> stream XWk6!\Sq[Ӈ<ڴWEK.fINɞz\KÓ4IE6Tg qс28)'%9_r`x^?% vM]R$8\ xqnԛJnq7q/Z7wU|U׵m ~W;ܺoᬮ3~{':Yn.Z df1lP$=? ZV,K6e2Qt^t33s]X,`٘vvz0аZ"+mOנ5J=̰uR:o]Hy(Q |kϹ~7ʥ V+%Ğk#gT]m<9{T9"uy3sJ=hg ䷷9'$Y$0( VBFup+WڱIu1B&|q39svWhjA*<2qQMnD7蔢QeS=9mUę"c?#߹d汏 J/]vÞ`{*t<ŹX4.' 8gM\ahg%fQ]Р\0(͙Nq+ mw9 L᝘R팭Fq]Rp4MO1~CIk* ÄbʐΆ;36m5)u"|M ODr MuƜ61 ׮?͙%KӰ f/5)_iTRUg_ętKǜ1xlgMwZg`B sڽ7|rHk:vpQΑfS׌8FbCw!g0Pzх;, a#V]1}9+0 r.asˆ89mMEc q;6@!g>tlތr;9k]%5稨9Иk)݌~k+qzawDؕygv-3b DyfG#KCGC?߇  endstream endobj 31 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 206 >> stream x<⚛XYWcdb󃄃MNLyyxyzy܏nomQRPWXVǃǦ任廼TUSVWUbcamnmƐȕƑ۷#oڅB endstream endobj 32 0 obj << /Type /Annot /Subtype /Link /A 33 0 R /Border [0 0 0] /H /I /Rect [ 98.5290 572.5928 191.6880 584.1956 ] >> endobj 33 0 obj << /Type /Action /S /URI /URI (mailto:info@intertronics.co.uk) >> endobj 34 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /Flags 32 /FontName /SUBAAB+Roboto-Regular /StemV 70 /Ascent 928 /CapHeight 928 /Descent -244 /FontBBox [-433 -271 980 1056] /ItalicAngle 0 /FontFile2 35 0 R >> endobj 35 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length1 9336 /Length 6789 >> stream xZ @SW>{$A6ݕ} {@@:OtZuXN>}cgڙ:-MPlIr |k+kP˩izdςOa̪nlCLS&BX;{&s8Wse! kZiFR1pzSku%r*BjvT6עYW~_щ&k`+)][@-< +ܫX|ӼA3{[PŶL(ŨUzzOX'&վ(EF "T4_/>t⃉&ޞ;qg⭉$Oa#E2r:@5‚q+h#4x&@N&)50`cv5[/֢f.y$G=d`4$]d#=y.:)sX99\3+("04 Db٥} a'RrõJmEYyD̢l#D%šTN.>m@O1 A(܁g FF C4AJDHZ4zi`qȍ넔tRu..jJ8`f$֮EXĒ|1al46`|/jgEJՆ+(!*8 UKĭMH]I`1IǕXzF*dKˊEX *)e ʍX@\Hrwwu%Q z zyag4m!u}}ln ={a=<,?gz=֗6p߲[sURL Ag:ʓZO4rAsq Z,(8",<*Ҡp~;㢣&%iCFJW9q%9FD a\ǎ n߉BY:DFIh+g9..3n ʀz.‡a\"C?Q0ʌ='mo J9P-7ܔEds,ETsߟT{sy_gT[<3|^&udyE)OMű goP A@(wv8 3s& A-5)#2 O$RG&ݩbG+5quѦoy!8:_u`?QV=”qQoVVYaܰx~ '3cCAF^>3 ]uZG4(#E N zxӓk.Nm-S[/4~ٵ){S1"Kl|[v녦ҋV7&lH2DTf[z-[Cу.!^h6*XD'[dKv\clu a|N<5w2:x x[(͡45 T:Z8bi (*5CuH~·PwG¹W$؛Wt/W,͑3V,H6fd5JN/6l=`.h ]*;kqx~̛; hQ1w\(+HhЩW= q1SA2b\ԅFkf&W9;ϵvt&ܹT3G/Y<*ke:n;Z-xu/lή|y v;y()9O\w FF^(u_uUYmtvR:Fv[MDsM- '=ʇmS J=ixw%Ž).K9Zk-~u4%39>'-v5սЖdZ_ԝM,?UUujseeg%ŷd%$^j&x.E`-̖,&[4J7iB[V08\ܚhc`ʔb8HIpmxdHW^z?Tt%}Ib‹ =[4%.ynkJWo?[ r|(O|t@6qqJKeM{ޜ0(TN'$8.1"L!a3bPMB \w5fQ!]ɩ ,X[ 6PSZ]nN MW4ϩ<'~reHZ7LwJ>vX\?0>08J_̃ŊkG̖ItaCWBS_tw1"'dt4d} YغhkM9;ߴ҃fYB >?_R49Ʉ%[Pc(+ NÇm9;3gS]ӿ%6\h;E溍IuK^XkG˯֮3d6]17dqyoZ d&,O 2<6n*^9Ѥ=e<04Zlhev~pwB6OZ1]D2b?Msfﲬ_{n-Hxݷvw4'E}gZW$Do@ K7'{y)v! m}c\n I;RR:4W]ZsP ζ4%8MҖBQ<}"9Y]:[;?;xP!$۞0QNYŷU5&euCԦ 7yHz)٤˅!껵;7}垒 ܪ`mwQua;&57X06:%)]]'8 aҰp(  _`ZԲΓMVVR<;(;jͿi-g%;j)<ؼX_*(g96/ebDrKB.TFJdqa uo:?4SO+{zűB]lپS3hJ6[f.(DN$XO/ks7E^/stk`\p#Uōv=nz]}ю7 M-ueLƿ`H}"~7܅KYy^9#m6ncUyk]0@H71 kƑ_ic(*5|QȈ[6¶3%^xIe Q u6 IH ﬣ;EFI(RnDpC(!(jLN tݢMabˌjz|64[F;`Y{rsY휠̲I ƕc-8{S8Gl J*aOP/z,ؖ6)Q2KI 햋RSםX.K hr:3'xp+nЃ;Z[v{h5[wP LAT(ꚊG bc."_E7BnI˓@jޒ-T(eY~g%za.̷i :(ݿh Χ[cێ͇ryhkٜU;M`nI+8[cP@y "?ԟD aO'Eb3a9ӍUQ`bHfx+:1q>U$N i71)", dP5UNƥj 1 {jT_S2Te.k=T]g3bT5)F−C!ڌ@ŧhբbKf@+dv0\%(=WNa۳6X/^39bTK };?*a k֟m| Q h0ed/(&[ r_:;=' eQuLz@ז1:4]ܘZ1D.YS3ˣܗ/ *9`8Hti`W޾pyCSx3`yGx~M,C.HBqBaam@\L hQjEo\VYŧ/~gvM¬:; ] j}g( naz`zLWP/a=ׅX~,N-g1#@W )ăq D')hؑ:$r_8=Uʼnwbϰ~Ƽ`f`i^nj:'=2T6 0?wg+p#ryl<*x~*UQ lސ}&uPB󬡏p,Z {C hb5%%;\y;P^OPK9Tb|^RB]!J!:(DW):yyux6 Pc\ǝ~}%rjEE/Xq &C,) JJwdVV%ݕ9:;wpU,TW\VV|:9;y9U?b~J<1Fr8@ 1o?Pn?!/lD)b4:T:/ CEEp> `VN(fpZVg=\N'~V :Ng*5 W[UZ`N\L-f7J4OVU:Ât@rGq(+ zB8R|nQ2S$m& lAN;AfCpZT/6"77+Bf A iN endstream endobj xref 0 36 0000000000 65535 f 0000000009 00000 n 0000000074 00000 n 0000000120 00000 n 0000000348 00000 n 0000000385 00000 n 0000000534 00000 n 0000000637 00000 n 0000001720 00000 n 0000001866 00000 n 0000002261 00000 n 0000003091 00000 n 0000003160 00000 n 0000003527 00000 n 0000003640 00000 n 0000018686 00000 n 0000018838 00000 n 0000020199 00000 n 0000020326 00000 n 0000020432 00000 n 0000020559 00000 n 0000020668 00000 n 0000020795 00000 n 0000020906 00000 n 0000021033 00000 n 0000021165 00000 n 0000021292 00000 n 0000021427 00000 n 0000021551 00000 n 0000022400 00000 n 0000022992 00000 n 0000024323 00000 n 0000024602 00000 n 0000024729 00000 n 0000024811 00000 n 0000025013 00000 n trailer << /Size 36 /Root 1 0 R /Info 5 0 R /ID[] >> startxref 31890 %%EOF Dyne Pens & Test Fluids – How do they work? - Dyne Testing
Menu

Dyne Pens & Test Fluids – How do they work?

Dyne Pen for Surface Energy Testing tip viewDyne Testing is fast becoming the most well recognised and trusted supplier of Dyne test pens and inks in the UK and overseas for countless applications throughout industry. Offering customers a choice of Dyne test solutions, Dyne Testing strive to provide first class, value for money products and services delivered by a great team of people who care.

For optimum adhesion when printing, gluing or coating on various substrates, it is necessary to obtain a high surface energy. Low surface energy of polymer-based substrates often leads to poor adhesion of inks, glues and coatings. Determining the surface energy can be easily achieved by use of Surface Energy Test Pens and Inks (Dyne level testing).

Dyne test fluids perform well on most non-absorbent materials. It is critical that the test fluid does not alter the surface properties of the substrate. For example, if the test fluid permeates a fibre substrate (e.g. paper) and causes swelling, results will indicate unrealistically easy wetting. A chemical reaction between the test fluid and the substrate invalidates results altogether.

When the Dyne level test fluid is applied to the surface, the liquid will either form a continuous film on the surface or pull back into small droplets. If the Dyne test fluid remains as a film for 3 seconds, the substrate will have a minimum surface energy of that ink value, expressed in mN/m (Dynes). Should the Dyne test liquid reticulate or draw back into droplets in less than 1 second then the surface energy of the substrate is lower than that of the liquid itself. The exact surface energy (Dyne level) can be determined by applying a range of increasing or decreasing values of Dyne test fluid.

The fluid contained within the Dyne pens supplied by Dyne Testing is based on the ISO 8296 method for measuring the surface energy of polyethylene film and offers the valve tip applicator type pen and not the “Felt Tip Pen” type which tend to produce too much fluid during testing and create possible inaccuracies. Dyne Testing offer a range of Dyne levels between 30 – 72mN/m supplied in either disposable pens or bottles of test fluids.

Determining the surface energy can be easily achieved using Surface Energy Test Pens or Inks (Dyne level testing) or by contact angle measurement. Further information on these products can be found by visiting the product pages:

Categories: Surface Energy